[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":720},["ShallowReactive",2],{"content:\u002F2023\u002Farchinstall-guide":3,"surround:\u002F2023\u002Farchinstall-guide":711},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"categories":684,"date":686,"description":687,"draft":688,"extension":689,"image":690,"meta":691,"navigation":693,"path":694,"permalink":695,"published":695,"readingTime":696,"recommend":701,"references":695,"seo":702,"sitemap":703,"stem":704,"tags":705,"type":708,"updated":709,"__hash__":710},"content\u002Fposts\u002F2023\u002Farchinstall-guide.md","使用 ArchInstall 安装 Arch Linux",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":646},"minimark",[9,13,17,24,30,34,38,49,74,78,99,102,105,108,111,114,117,122,125,128,137,140,144,192,195,198,233,236,239,242,250,253,256,264,267,282,286,302,305,312,335,338,350,362,365,370,450,453,463,466,469,475,479,486,489,505,508,514,540,543,557,560,570,573,579,593,596,609,612,618,628,631,638,641],[10,11,12],"h2",{"id":12},"安装前准备",[14,15,16],"p",{},"安装 Arch Linux 时务必小心！如果误操作可能会导致 Windows 系统无法启动。请留好以下两篇文章，以备后日之用。",[18,19],"link-banner",{"banner":20,"link":21,"title":22,"description":23},"https:\u002F\u002Fassets.zhilu.cyou\u002Fcover2\u002Fwindows-setup-guide.jpg","\u002F2023\u002Fwindows-setup-guide","Windows 安装指南","使用 Ventoy、微 PE、Dism++ 安装系统，绕过账户限制并激活 Office 与 Windows，合理分区布局使数据安全有序。",[18,25],{"banner":26,"link":27,"title":28,"description":29},"https:\u002F\u002Fassets.zhilu.cyou\u002Fcover3\u002Farchlinux-boot-repair.jpg","\u002F2024\u002Farchlinux-boot-repair","Arch Linux 启动引导修复","可以修复绝大多数 Arch Linux 无法启动的问题。",[31,32,33],"h3",{"id":33},"制作安装镜像",[35,36,37],"h4",{"id":37},"下载镜像",[14,39,40,41,48],{},"官方提供了 ",[42,43,47],"a",{"href":44,"rel":45},"https:\u002F\u002Farchlinux.org\u002Fdownload\u002F",[46],"nofollow","Arch Linux 下载页面","，但是推荐在镜像站下载安装镜像，速度更快：",[50,51,52,60,67],"ul",{},[53,54,55],"li",{},[42,56,59],{"href":57,"rel":58},"https:\u002F\u002Fmirrors.bfsu.edu.cn\u002Farchlinux\u002Fiso\u002F",[46],"北京外国语大学开源软件镜像站",[53,61,62],{},[42,63,66],{"href":64,"rel":65},"https:\u002F\u002Fmirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn\u002Farchlinux\u002Fiso\u002F",[46],"清华大学开源软件镜像站",[53,68,69],{},[42,70,73],{"href":71,"rel":72},"https:\u002F\u002Fmirror.nju.edu.cn\u002Farchlinux\u002Fiso\u002F",[46],"南京大学开源软件镜像站",[35,75,77],{"id":76},"装载到u盘","装载到U盘",[14,79,80,81,86,87,92,93,98],{},"可以使用 ",[42,82,85],{"href":83,"rel":84},"https:\u002F\u002Frufus.ie\u002Fzh\u002F",[46],"Rufus"," 或 ",[42,88,91],{"href":89,"rel":90},"https:\u002F\u002Fetcher.balena.io\u002F",[46],"balenaEtcher"," 等类似工具把镜像刻录到 U 盘。但我个人更推荐先给 U 盘安装 ",[42,94,97],{"href":95,"rel":96},"https:\u002F\u002Fwww.ventoy.net\u002F",[46],"Ventoy","，只要把镜像文件放入 U 盘就可以在启动时手动选择，并且不影响 U 盘正式使用。",[31,100,101],{"id":101},"关闭安全启动",[14,103,104],{},"关闭 Windows 的 BitLocker 或设备加密，否则你的 Windows 数据可能会被锁死。",[14,106,107],{},"Ventoy 需要加载自定义证书文件才能在启用“安全启动”特性的设备上正常启动，一些 Linux 安装环境可能也不支持“安全启动”。方便起见，可以在 BIOS 设置里关闭“安全启动”特性，装好系统后再打开。",[14,109,110],{},"关闭“快速启动”功能，也许可以解决一些玄学的掉引导问题。",[14,112,113],{},"如果 Ventoy 启动镜像时遇到错误，可以在选择镜像后，使用 grub2 模式引导启动。",[31,115,116],{"id":116},"联网",[118,119],"copy",{"code":120,"prompt":121},"ping -c 4 1.1.1.1","#",[14,123,124],{},"测试网络，如果无报错，可以跳过此节。",[35,126,127],{"id":127},"通过数据线共享手机网络",[129,130,131,134],"blockquote",{},[14,132,133],{},"有时买到的第三方 USB 线只能充电，无法传输数据。因此建议用手机原装充电器（其他手机的也可）提供的数据线来共享手机网络。",[14,135,136],{},"如果通过数据线共享手机网络，建议同时连接 WiFi，防止意外断联导致安装失败。",[14,138,139],{},"使用数据线连接手机与电脑，在手机热点设置中启用“USB共享网络”即可。注意，如果你重启了电脑或者断开了数据线连接，可能需要在手机设置中重启（关闭并打开）USB 共享网络功能。",[35,141,143],{"id":142},"连接wifi","连接WiFi",[50,145,146,152,158,166,172,186],{},[53,147,148,149],{},"部分电脑会限制无线网卡，故建议先执行命令解锁 WiFi\n",[118,150],{"code":151,"prompt":121},"rfkill unblock wifi",[53,153,154,155],{},"进入联网工具\n",[118,156],{"code":157,"prompt":121},"iwctl",[53,159,160,161],{},"扫描 WiFi\n",[118,162],{"code":163,"prompt":164,"lang":165},"station wlan0 scan","[iwd]#","sh",[53,167,168,169],{},"查看 WiFi 列表\n",[118,170],{"code":171,"prompt":164,"lang":165},"station wlan0 get-networks",[53,173,174,175,178],{},"连接 WiFi\n",[118,176],{"code":177,"prompt":164,"lang":165},"station wlan0 connect [SSID]",[50,179,180,183],{},[53,181,182],{},"可以按 Tab 键补全 SSID（WiFi 名称）。",[53,184,185],{},"安装镜像的 TTY 终端没有中文字体，不支持中文显示，所以用户可能无法区分中文名称的 WiFi。",[53,187,188,189],{},"退出 iwctl\n",[118,190],{"code":191,"prompt":164,"lang":165},"exit",[31,193,194],{"id":194},"检查硬盘分区",[14,196,197],{},"如果你的电脑上安装了 Windows，建议提前在 Windows 中留出安装系统的硬盘分区，你也可以使用 PE 系统来管理硬盘分区。",[50,199,200,206,217],{},[53,201,202,203],{},"列出硬盘分区\n",[118,204],{"code":205,"prompt":121},"lsblk -o+LABEL,FSTYPE",[53,207,208,209,212],{},"若有必要，创建新的硬盘分区\n",[118,210],{"code":211,"prompt":121},"cfdisk \u002Fdev\u002F[driver]",[50,213,214],{},[53,215,216],{},"Driver（硬盘驱动器）名称应当类似于 sda、nvme0n1 等。",[53,218,219,220,223],{},"如有必要，格式化分区\n",[118,221],{"code":222,"prompt":121},"mkfs.btrfs \u002Fdev\u002F[partition]",[50,224,225],{},[53,226,227,228,232],{},"如果格式化失败，确认不含重要数据后，加上 ",[229,230,231],"code",{"code":231},"-f"," 选项强制格式化。",[10,234,235],{"id":235},"换源",[14,237,238],{},"使用 Reflector 更新源，可以使安装速度更快。",[118,240],{"code":241,"prompt":121},"reflector --verbose --country China --sort rate --save \u002Fetc\u002Fpacman.d\u002Fmirrorlist",[14,243,244,245,249],{},"换源后，请",[246,247,248],"strong",{},"不要","在 ArchInstall 中设置 Mirrors 选项。",[31,251,252],{"id":252},"关于浙大镜像源",[14,254,255],{},"在安装 Arch Linux 时下载数据量较大，校园网易被标记为风险 IP，浙大镜像源会对此做出风控，导致下载失败。因此，浙大镜像源不适合用来安装 Arch Linux、日常滚包。",[50,257,258],{},[53,259,260,261],{},"删除浙大镜像源\n",[118,262],{"code":263,"prompt":121},"sed -i '\u002Fzju\u002Fd' \u002Fetc\u002Fpacman.d\u002Fmirrorlist",[10,265,266],{"id":266},"在安装过程中执行其他命令",[14,268,269,270,273,274,277,278,281],{},"如果你在 ArchInstall 过程遇到一些不得不输入命令的情况，可以按 ",[229,271,272],{"code":272},"Ctrl+Alt+F2"," 进入 2 号虚拟终端，登录 ",[229,275,276],{"code":276},"root"," 用户执行命令后，按 ",[229,279,280],{"code":280},"Ctrl+Alt+F1"," 回到安装界面即可。",[10,283,285],{"id":284},"使用-archinstall-安装","使用 ArchInstall 安装",[50,287,288],{},[53,289,290,291,294],{},"进入安装工具\n",[118,292],{"code":293,"prompt":121},"archinstall",[50,295,296,299],{},[53,297,298],{},"如果等待时间过长，可以按 Ctrl+C 中断，然后重新执行命令。",[53,300,301],{},"如果多次尝试都不能进入安装界面，那么建议更换网络环境再试。",[31,303,304],{"id":304},"选择本地语言",[14,306,307,308,311],{},"进入 ",[229,309,310],{"code":310},"Locales"," 选项：",[50,313,314,329],{},[53,315,316,317,320,321,324,325,328],{},"移动到 ",[229,318,319],{"code":319},"Locale language"," 项敲回车，键入",[229,322,323],{"code":323},"\u002Fcn","搜索，选择 ",[229,326,327],{"code":327},"zh_CN","。",[53,330,331,332,328],{},"其他选项保持默认值，即可 ",[229,333,334],{"code":334},"← Back",[31,336,337],{"id":337},"选择镜像下载地区",[129,339,340,347],{},[14,341,342,343,346],{},"如果你使用过 Reflector 更新源，那么",[246,344,345],{},"不应该","进行此项设置。",[14,348,349],{},"你可以通过在 Mirrors 选项内按 Ctrl+C 重置设置。",[14,351,352,320,355,358,359,328],{},[229,353,354],{"code":354},"Mirrors",[229,356,357],{"code":357},"\u002Fch","搜索，选择",[229,360,361],{"code":361},"China",[31,363,364],{"id":364},"选择硬盘分区",[14,366,307,367,311],{},[229,368,369],{"code":369},"Disk configuration",[50,371,372,383],{},[53,373,374,375,378,379,382],{},"选择 ",[229,376,377],{"code":377},"Use a best-effort default partition layout"," 会⚠",[246,380,381],{},"清空硬盘","⚠并自动规划分区。",[53,384,374,385,388,389],{},[229,386,387],{"code":387},"Manual Partitioning"," 项可以手动配置分区。\n",[50,390,391,394,420,445],{},[53,392,393],{},"选择的设备（Device）应该是你的硬盘。",[53,395,396,397,400,401,404,405],{},"随后选择 EFI 启动分区，指定挂载点（Mount Point）为 ",[229,398,399],{"code":399},"\u002Fboot","（更规范的配置是 ",[229,402,403],{"code":403},"\u002Fboot\u002Fefi","，但可能会安装失败）。可以选择 Windows 的引导分区作为启动分区，这个分区一般有以下特征：\n",[50,406,407,414,417],{},[53,408,409,410,413],{},"在第一个硬盘的第一个分区（",[229,411,412],{"code":412},"\u002Fdev\u002Fnvme0n1p1","）。",[53,415,416],{},"大小为 260MB。",[53,418,419],{},"文件系统为 FAT32。",[53,421,422,423,426,427],{},"选择新创建的 BtrFS 分区，指定挂载点为 ",[229,424,425],{"code":425},"\u002F","。\n",[50,428,429,432],{},[53,430,431],{},"新的 ArchInstall 可能需要格式化（Wipe data\u002FFormat）这个分区。",[53,433,434,435,438,439,441,442,328],{},"如果无法直接设置挂载点，可能要设置一个子卷（Subvolume）",[229,436,437],{"code":437},"@","，挂载点为 ",[229,440,425],{"code":425},"，再",[229,443,444],{"code":444},"Confirm and exit",[53,446,447,448,328],{},"可以按照需求添加其他分区，随后在硬盘主菜单 ",[229,449,444],{"code":444},[31,451,452],{"id":452},"选择引导工具",[14,454,455,458,459,462],{},[229,456,457],{"code":457},"Bootloader"," 选择使用默认的 ",[229,460,461],{"code":461},"Systemd-boot"," 即可，一般不需要设置。",[14,464,465],{},"如果你的电脑开启了独显直连功能，使用 Grub 会导致操作视图更新卡顿。",[31,467,468],{"id":468},"设置主机名",[14,470,471,474],{},[229,472,473],{"code":473},"Hostname"," 选项中可以设置主机名。注意，主机名不是用户名。",[31,476,478],{"id":477},"设置-root-用户密码","设置 Root 用户密码",[14,480,481,482,485],{},"在 ",[229,483,484],{"code":484},"Root password"," 选项中设置 Root 用户密码即可启用 Root 用户。密码需要输入两次才会确定。",[31,487,488],{"id":488},"添加用户",[14,490,491,494,495,498,499,502,503,328],{},[229,492,493],{"code":493},"User account"," 选择中，选择 ",[229,496,497],{"code":497},"Add a user","，输入用户名（不含大写字母）、两遍密码，并且确认作为 ",[229,500,501],{"code":501},"Superuser","（超级用户，即具有 sudo 权限），然后选择 ",[229,504,444],{"code":444},[31,506,507],{"id":507},"选择用户环境",[14,509,481,510,513],{},[229,511,512],{"code":512},"Profile"," 选项中：",[50,515,516,529,535],{},[53,517,518,521,522,525,526,328],{},[229,519,520],{"code":520},"Type"," 选择桌面环境（",[229,523,524],{"code":524},"Desktop","），桌面环境推荐 ",[229,527,528],{"code":528},"KDE Plasma",[53,530,531,534],{},[229,532,533],{"code":533},"Graphics driver","：如果是双显卡笔记本，可以先装 CPU 对应的开源核显驱动（AMD 或者 Intel），系统安装完成后再安装独显驱动。",[53,536,537,538,328],{},"其他选项默认即可，选择 ",[229,539,334],{"code":334},[31,541,542],{"id":542},"选择音频驱动",[14,544,545,548,549,552,553,556],{},[229,546,547],{"code":547},"Audio"," 选项中，默认的 ",[229,550,551],{"code":551},"Pipewire"," 即可，",[229,554,555],{"code":555},"PulseAudio"," 比较老旧，建议仅在 Pipewire 失效时选择。",[31,558,559],{"id":559},"设置网络",[14,561,562,565,566,569],{},[229,563,564],{"code":564},"Network configuration"," 选项选择 ",[229,567,568],{"code":568},"Use NetworkManager"," 即可。",[31,571,572],{"id":572},"可选包",[14,574,575,578],{},[229,576,577],{"code":577},"Additional packages"," 选项中，可以添加以下包，用空格作为分隔符，回车确认：",[50,580,581,587],{},[53,582,583,586],{},[229,584,585],{"code":585},"nvidia","：Nvidia 专有的显卡驱动。",[53,588,589,592],{},[229,590,591],{"code":591},"ttf-sarasa-gothic","：更纱黑体，体积较大但显示效果更好，以防重启之后中文显示为方框。",[31,594,595],{"id":595},"选择时区",[14,597,598,601,602,605,606,328],{},[229,599,600],{"code":600},"Timezone"," 选项中，键入 ",[229,603,604],{"code":604},"\u002Fchon"," 可以搜索，选择 ",[229,607,608],{"code":608},"Asia\u002FChongqing",[10,610,611],{"id":611},"安装",[14,613,316,614,617],{},[229,615,616],{"code":616},"Install"," 项敲回车，确认无误后再敲回车，等待即可。",[14,619,620,621,623,624,627],{},"安装成功后，会进入新系统的 Chroot 环境，你可以自由安装软件，也可输入 ",[229,622,191],{"code":191}," 退出。我推荐按 ",[229,625,626],{"code":626},"Ctrl+Alt+Delete"," 直接重启系统。",[10,629,630],{"id":630},"进入系统",[14,632,633,634,637],{},"如果你是 Nvidia 显卡用户，在一会的 SDDM 登录界面中，左上角的 Session 菜单中应当选择 ",[229,635,636],{"code":636},"Plasma(X11)"," 选项，而不是 Wayland 环境。",[14,639,640],{},"可以参照此文章进行后续配置。",[18,642],{"banner":643,"link":644,"title":645},"https:\u002F\u002Fassets.zhilu.cyou\u002Fcover3\u002Farchlinux-configure.jpg","\u002F2023\u002Farchlinux-configure","Arch Linux 初步配置",{"title":647,"searchDepth":648,"depth":648,"links":649},"",4,[650,664,667,668,682,683],{"id":12,"depth":651,"text":12,"children":652},2,[653,658,659,663],{"id":33,"depth":654,"text":33,"children":655},3,[656,657],{"id":37,"depth":648,"text":37},{"id":76,"depth":648,"text":77},{"id":101,"depth":654,"text":101},{"id":116,"depth":654,"text":116,"children":660},[661,662],{"id":127,"depth":648,"text":127},{"id":142,"depth":648,"text":143},{"id":194,"depth":654,"text":194},{"id":235,"depth":651,"text":235,"children":665},[666],{"id":252,"depth":654,"text":252},{"id":266,"depth":651,"text":266},{"id":284,"depth":651,"text":285,"children":669},[670,671,672,673,674,675,676,677,678,679,680,681],{"id":304,"depth":654,"text":304},{"id":337,"depth":654,"text":337},{"id":364,"depth":654,"text":364},{"id":452,"depth":654,"text":452},{"id":468,"depth":654,"text":468},{"id":477,"depth":654,"text":478},{"id":488,"depth":654,"text":488},{"id":507,"depth":654,"text":507},{"id":542,"depth":654,"text":542},{"id":559,"depth":654,"text":559},{"id":572,"depth":654,"text":572},{"id":595,"depth":654,"text":595},{"id":611,"depth":651,"text":611},{"id":630,"depth":651,"text":630},[685],"技术","2023-05-23 20:37:07","在2025年3月版的 Arch Linux 安装镜像的基础上，使用 ArchInstall 安装系统全过程。",false,"md","https:\u002F\u002Fassets.zhilu.cyou\u002Fcover3\u002Farchinstall-guide.jpg",{"slots":692},{},true,"\u002F2023\u002Farchinstall-guide",null,{"text":697,"minutes":698,"time":699,"words":700},"9 min read",8.71,522600,1742,20,{"title":5,"description":687},{"loc":694},"posts\u002F2023\u002Farchinstall-guide",[706,611,707],"Arch Linux","教程","tech","2025-03-21 22:04:14","Uwqd21rEw0UiPVBTFA2U1l3KRd6L5Gcw0W-LbK6sfqo",[712,717],{"title":713,"path":714,"stem":715,"date":716,"type":708,"children":-1},"VS Code 简单配置项","\u002F2023\u002Fvscode-simple-config","posts\u002F2023\u002Fvscode-simple-config","2023-04-13 20:05:50",{"title":645,"path":644,"stem":718,"date":719,"type":708,"children":-1},"posts\u002F2023\u002Farchlinux-configure","2023-06-24 09:31:15",1782091373460]